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高考成语英语_高考成语使用

tamoadmin 2024-06-11 人已围观

简介1.祝福高三学生高考顺利的成语2.“干杯”英文是不是Chees?还有一到十吉利成语。我哥哥考上大学了,来几句祝福语3.英语成语的分类及其汉译4.50句最地道的英语趣味成语 一5.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-如何巧学善用英语成语之一6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语写作词语选择的要点Old sin makes new shame.一失足成千古恨。 Once a man and twice a ch

1.祝福高三学生高考顺利的成语

2.“干杯”英文是不是Chees?还有一到十吉利成语。我哥哥考上大学了,来几句祝福语

3.英语成语的分类及其汉译

4.50句最地道的英语趣味成语 一

5.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-如何巧学善用英语成语之一

6.高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语写作词语选择的要点

高考成语英语_高考成语使用

Old sin makes new shame.一失足成千古恨。

Once a man and twice a child.一次老,两次小。

Once a thief, always a thief.偷盗一次,做贼一世。

Once bitten, twice shy.一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。

One boy is a boy, two boys half a boy, three boys no boy.

一个和尚挑水喝,两个和尚抬水喝,三个和尚没水喝。

One cannot put back the clock.时钟不能倒转。

One eyewitness is better than ten hearsays.百闻不如一见。

One false move may lose the game.一着不慎,满盘皆输。

One good turn deserves another.行善积德。

One hour today is worth two tomorrow.争分夺秒效率高。

One man‘s fault is other man‘s lesson.前车之鉴。

One never loses anything by politeness.讲礼貌不吃亏。

One swallow does not make a summ一燕不成夏。

One‘s words reflect one‘s thinking.言为心声。

Out of debt, out of danger.无债一身轻。

Out of office, out of danger.无官一身轻。

Out of sight, out of mind.眼不见,心为静。

Patience is the best remedy.忍耐是良药。

Penny wise, pound foolish.贪小便宜吃大亏。

Plain dealing is praised more than practiced.

正大光明者,说到的多,做到的少。

Please the eye and plague the heart. 贪图一时快活,必然留下隐祸。

Pleasure comes through toil.苦尽甘来。

Pour water into a sieve.竹篮子打水一场空。

Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。

Praise is not pudding.恭维话不能当饭吃。

Praise makes good men better, and bad men worse.

好人越夸越好,坏人越夸越糟。

Prefer loss to unjust gain.宁可吃亏,不贪便宜。

Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。

Pride goes before, and shame comes after.骄傲使人落后。

Promise is debt.一诺千金。

Proverbs are the daughters of daily experience.谚语是日常经验的结晶。

Pull the chestnut out of fire.火中取栗。

Put the cart before the horse.本末倒置。

Put your shoulder to the wheel.鼎力相助。

Reading enriches the mind.开卷有益。

Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.读书健脑,运动强身。

Respect yourself, or no one else will respect you.要人尊敬,必须自重。

Rome is not built in a day冰冻三尺,非一日之寒。

Saying is one thing and doing another.言行不一。

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。 Seek the truth from facts.实事求是。

Send a wise man on an errand, and say nothing to him.

智者当差,不用交代。

Set a thief to catch a thief.以贼捉贼。

Short accounts make long friends.好朋友勤算账。

Something is better than nothing.聊胜于无。

Soon learn, soon forgotten.学得快,忘得快。

Soon ripe, soon rotten.熟得快,烂得快。

Speech is silver, silence is gold.能言是银,沉默是金。

Still water run deep.静水常深。

Strike the iron while it is hot.趁热打铁。

Success belongs to the persevering.坚持就是胜利。

Take things as they come.既来之,则安之。

Talking mends no holes. 空谈无补。

Talk of the devil and he will appear.说曹操,曹操就到。

Tall trees catch much wind.树大招风。

Teach others by your example.躬亲示范。

The best hearts are always the bravest.无私者无畏。

The best man stumbles.伟人也有犯错时。

The cat shuts its eyes when stealing.掩耳盗铃。

The danger past and God forgotten.过河拆桥。

The darkest hour is nearest the dawn.黎明前的黑暗。

The darkest place is under the candlestick.烛台底下最暗。

The devil knows many things because he is old.老马识途。

The devil sometimes speaks the truth魔鬼有时也会说真话。

The die is cast.木已成舟。 The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。

The end justifies the means.只要目的正当,可以不择手段。

The end makes all equal.死亡面前,人人平等。

The eye is bigger than the belly.贪多嚼不烂。

The farthest way about is the nearest way home.抄近路反而绕远路。

The finest diamond must be cut.玉不琢,不成器。

The fire is the test of gold, adversity of strong man.烈火验真金,艰难磨意志。

The first step is the only difficulty.迈出第一步是最艰难的。

The fox knew too much, that‘s how he lost his tail.机关算尽太聪明,反误了卿卿 性命。

The fox preys farthest from home.兔子不吃窝边草。

The frog in the well knows nothing of the great ocean.坐井观天。

The grass is greener on the other side.这山望着那山高。

The greatest talkers are always least doers.语言的巨人总是行动的矮子。

The higher up, the greater the fall.爬得高,摔得惨。

The leopard cannot change its spots.本性难移。

The more noble, the more humble.人越高尚,越谦虚。

The more wit, the less courage. 初生牛犊不怕虎。

The outsider sees the most of the game.旁观者清。

The pen is mightier than the sword.笔能。

The pot calls the kettle black.五十步笑百步。

There are spots in the sun.太阳也有黑点。

There are two sides to every question.问题皆有两面。

There is a skeleton in the cupboard.家家有本难念的经。

There is kindness to be found everywhere.人间处处有温情。

There is no general rule without some exception.任何法规均有例外。

There is no medicine against death.没有长生不老药。

There is no place like home.金窝银窝不如咱的狗窝。

There is no royal road to learning.书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟。

The style is the man.字如其人。

The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts.人言可畏。

The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.

水能载舟,亦能覆舟。

The wise man knows he knows nothing, the fool thinks he knows all.清者自清,浊者自浊。 The wolf has a winning game when the shepherds quarrel. 螳螂捕蝉,黄雀在后

The world is a ladder for some to go up and others to go down.世界如阶梯,有人上有人下。

The world is but a little place, after all.海内存知己,天涯若比邻。

Think twice before you do.三思而后行。

Things at the worst will mend.否极泰来。

Time and tide wait for no man.时不我待。

Time cures all things.时间是医治一切创伤的良药。

Time flies.光阴似箭。 Time is money.时间就是金钱。

Time lost cannot be won again.时光流逝,不可复得。

Time past cannot be called back again.时间不能倒流。

Time tries all.路遥知马力,日久见人心。

Tit for tat is fair play.人不犯我,我不;人若犯我,我必。

To err is human.人非圣贤,孰能无过。

To know everything is to know nothing.什么都知道,一如什么都不知道。

To know oneself is true progress.人贵有自知之明。

Tomorrow never comes.我生待明日,万事成蹉跎。

Too much familiarity breeds contempt.过分熟悉会使人互不服气。

Too much knowledge makes the head bald.学问太多催人老。

Too much liberty spills all.自由放任,一事无成。

Too much praise is a burden.过多夸奖,反成负担。

To save time is to lengthen life.节约时间就是延长生命。

Touch pitch, and you will be defiled.常在河边走,哪有不湿鞋。

Troubles never come singly.福无双至,祸不单行。

Truth never grows old.真理永存。

Turn over a new leaf.洗心革面,改过自新。

Two dogs strive for a bone, and a third runs away with it.

鹬蚌相争,渔翁得利。

Two heads are better than one.一个好汉三个帮。

Two of a trade seldom agree.同行是冤家。

Two wrongs do not make a right.别人错了,不等于你对了。

Unity is strength.团结就是力量。

Unpleasant advice is a good medicine.忠言逆耳利于行。

Until all is over one‘s ambition never dies.不到黄河心不死。

Venture a small fish to catch a great one.吃小亏占大便宜。

Virtue is fairer far than beauty.美德远远胜过美貌。

Walls have ears.小心隔墙有耳。

Wash your dirty linen at home.家丑不可外扬。

Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away.滴水穿石。

Wealth is nothing without health.失去健康,钱再多也没用。

We know not what is good until we have lost it.好东西,失去了才明白。

Well begun is half done.好的开始,是成功的一半。

We never know the worth of water till the well is dry.井干方知水可贵。

We shall never have friends if we expect to find them without fault

.欲求完美无缺的朋友必然成为孤家寡人。

We should never remember the benefits we have offered nor forget the favor received.

自己的好事别去提,别人的恩惠要铭记。

Whatever you do, do with all your might.不管做什么,都要一心一意

What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave.儿时所学,终生难忘。

What‘s done cannot be undone.生米煮成熟饭了。

What‘s lost is lost.失者不可复得。What we do willingly is easy.愿者不难。When in Rome, do as the Romans do.入国问禁,入乡随俗。

When everybody‘s somebody then nobody‘s anybody.人人都伟大,世间没豪杰。

When sorrow is asleep, wake it not.伤心旧事别重提。

When sorrows come, they come not single spies, but in battalions.

新仇旧恨,齐上心头。

祝福高三学生高考顺利的成语

1.出生入死

Go through fire and water

2.左邻右舍

neighbors

3.天长地久

everlasting

4.承上启下

essential

5南征北战.

Fight here and there

“干杯”英文是不是Chees?还有一到十吉利成语。我哥哥考上大学了,来几句祝福语

高考祝福成语:

鹏程万里,一帆风顺,一马当先,一步登天。金榜题名,马到成功,直取苍龙,心想事成。一帆风顺,五福临门,六六大顺,七星高照。出人头地,旗开得胜,如愿以偿,前程似锦。

直取苍龙,鱼跃龙门,拨云见日,梦想成真。一鸣惊人,登科及第,功成名就,事事顺利。十全十美,百事称心,朝气如虹,一鼓作气。金榜题名,旗开得胜,喜气盈门,光耀门楣。八面威风,八方来运,九九归真,九九洪福。

六六大顺,九九归真,七星高照,蟾宫折桂。连中三元,一枝独秀,如愿以偿,鹏程万里。八面威风,首屈一指,十全十美,学无止境。一举夺魁,事事顺利,一马当先,鱼跃龙门。名列前茅,鹤立鸡群,出类拔萃,八方来运。旗开得胜,百事称心,一帆风顺,一步登天。

三元及第,五福临门,光耀门楣,一鼓作气。独占鳌头,登科及第,艳冠群芳,喜气盈门。心想事成,出人头地,冠压群芳,金榜题名。马到成功,前程似锦,学海无涯,九九洪福。

一、高考总共考几科:六门。

高考总共有六门科目,总分是750分,文科的高考科目有:语文,数学,英语以及文综,其中文综包括政治,地理,历史,理科的高考科目有:语文,数学,英语以及理综,其中理工包括物理,化学,生物。

二、历年高考满分是多少

高考一共考四门科目,总分为750分,分别是语文150、数学150、外语150、文科/理科综合300。随着新高考的改革,新高考省份取消了综合考试,改为在综合科目当中选三科参加等级考试。

例如海南语文、数学、外语原始分数分别为150分(以转换后的标准分呈现考生成绩),另外3门选考科目每门卷面满分100分(以转换后的标准分呈现考生成绩)。

传统高考模式就是以前那种采取文理分科的方式进行高考,语数外三科,每科150分文科的政史地三科每科一百分,理科的物理110分,化学100分,生物90分,使用的试卷是全国卷,按照地区划分,一共三卷。

英语成语的分类及其汉译

楼主拼错了,是cheers,楼主是要数字的吉利成语吗?三阳开泰,五谷丰登,七满八平,六六大顺……

最简单的祝贺语:Congulations.祝贺你

还有:May you succeed.。祝您成功

Best wishes for a wonderful new year.

献上最诚挚的祝福,祝您新年恰愉快。

We hope you make greater progress in your study. 祝您学习取得更大进步

May joy and health be with you always.

祝您永远健康快乐。

May happiness follow you wherever you go!

愿您幸福快乐,直到永远永远。

楼主慢慢选吧,不够的话到专业网站有,望采纳本回答

50句最地道的英语趣味成语 一

内容提要:本文以现代语言学理论为指导,以英语成语为研究对象,用深入浅出的论述和实例对英语成语予以简要的介述。把常用的英语成语进行分类,按主题列出例句并翻译,以帮助理解其含义,并在具体语境中准确地加以运用。

 Abstract: This paper discusses idioms' major characteristics, and classifies them according to their semantics and etymology. Three main groups are several dominant subcategories, each of which is explained and translated at some length in the following examples. Their stylistic features are characterized with proverb, slang, colloquial, and literary expressions, etc.

 关键词: 英语成语 分类 翻译

 Key words: Idioms, Classification, Translation.

 前言

 英语成语是英语词汇中的重要精华部分(part and parcel)。社会生活的各个方面是英语成语取之不尽的源泉(Idioms from Society),当代英语中最常用的成语有4000余条。许多常用的英语成语来自《圣经》(Bible)和莎士比亚(Shakespeare)等文学名著。英语成语主要是口语,而汉语成语主要是书面语;English idiom 字数不固定,而汉语成语多为四字词组。下面分广义和狭义来论述英语成语。

 一、 英语成语的理解

 (一)广义的英语成语的理解

 从文体学来说,广义的英语成语(idiom)包括谚语(proverb)、俚语(slang)、俗语(colloquial)、成对词(twin words)、三词词组(trinomials)、熟语(catchphrase, lexical phrase )和习惯搭配(habitual collocation, restricted collocation)等。现举例如下:

 1. 谚语、格言(proverb),警句(sentence idiom)。

 英语谚语常有缩写形式,类似汉语的歇后语。例如:

 1) Proverbs are children of experience.谚语是经验的产物。

 2) It' s no use crying over spilt milk.倒翻牛奶,哭也没用。缩写形式:Cry over spilt milk. 含义:覆水难收。

 2. 俚语(slang)。

 俚语为某些人群和地区所特有,适用范围有严格限制,使用时要注意其使用的得体性和意义的准确性。例如:

 1)screw up 弄糟、一塌胡涂He screwed the whole thing up from start to finish. 他自始至终一塌胡涂。

 2)Pay off 贿赂 chat up 与异性搭讪

 3. 口语(colloquial)。例如:

 snake in the grass 暗箭

 hit below the belt \ stab in the back 暗箭伤人

 cut the ground from under sb. 在某人背后搞鬼

 4. 成对词(twin words, irreversible binomials 或 words in pairs)。英国学者福勒(H.W.Fowler) 把它比作“连体双胞胎”(Siamese twins),称为重言法(hendiadys)。例如:

 beer and skittles 吃喝玩乐,wax and wane 盛衰,weal and woe祸福。

 5. 三词词组(trinomials)。有些固定的三词词组也被归为成语,因为它们大都也是一些固定的讲法。例如:

 1)sun, moon and stars 日月星on land, on sea, and in the sky 海陆空

 2)Eat, drink and be merry. 及时行乐Wine, woman, and song. 吃喝玩乐

 (二) 狭义英语成语的理解

 狭义的英语成语有以下几个特点(The Characteristics of English Idioms):

 1. 长期的习用性(Idiomaticity)。有些谚语有上千年历史。例如:

 1)Time flies like an arrow. 光阴似箭。

 Art is long, life is short. 人生苦短,艺术长久。

 2)A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交。

 2. 结构的固定性(Structural Stability, Syntactic Frozenness)。

 英语成语的固定性(fixity)取决于它们的习用性(idiomaticity),其习用性越强,结构越固定,就越为人们所接受。 例:sword for sword 剑对剑, tit for tat 针锋相对。 Diamond cut diamond. 棋逢对手。Like cures like. 以毒攻毒。

 3. 语义的整体性(Semantic Unity)。

 英语成语(idiom)也称为混合词(fused words),理解英语成语的意义要从整体上去把握,因为英语成语的语义是一个独立和完整的内在统一体。例如:

 1)rain cats and dogs (meaning: rain heavily) 倾盆大雨

 2)wear one's heart upon one's sleeve (meaning: show one's feeling plainly) 心直口快

 二、 英语成语的运用及其汉译

 本文从语言学和词汇学的角度对英语成语进行分类和翻译(Classification and Translation of English Idioms)。

 (一)直译法

 一般说来,简略英语成语的汉译,可在易解的条件下保留英语成语其缩写形式。

 译者须首先熟悉常用的英语成语并注意其缩写形式,才能为简略英语成语汉译创造条件。英语的明喻成语在译成汉语时,最理想的办法是借用或套用对等的汉语成语。如果没有对等的汉语成语,那么不妨直译。这样翻译既传达了形象,又为译文增添了异彩。例如:

 1. Carry coals to Newcastle.直译加注:运煤到纽卡索,多此一举。(“纽卡索”是英国的一个产煤中心,运煤到纽卡索是多余的事。)同义的汉语成语:担柴上山、画蛇添足。

 2. Sour grape(酸葡萄)来源于《伊索寓言》(Aesop's Fables)。可套用的同义汉语成语:妒忌贤能、妒火中烧。例如:If I criticize her book, people will think it's just sour grape. 如果我批评她的书,人们会说我是酸葡萄(吃不到葡萄,说葡萄酸)。

 (二)意译法

 “正宗”的英语成语是指包含比喻的固定词组,即所谓的成语词组(idiomatic phrase 或 idiomatic expression)。在汉语成语中,常有并列的对偶结构,用两个不同的喻体表达相同的喻意。而在英语成语中,通常可省去重复的部分,而保留它的基本喻意。例如:

 1. ride the high horse 直译:骑高头大马喻义(Figurative meaning): be high and mighty意译:趾高气扬、神气活现、目空一切、目中无人。

 2. It's no good getting on your high horse about single patents. You can't force people to get married.你不必对单身父母愤愤不平,你不能强迫人们结婚。

 The way they treat those dogs really makes my blood boil.他们这样对待那些狗,真使我愤愤不平。

 三、 英语成语在交际和写作中的作用

 (一) 英语成语的运用能丰富语言表达的感彩

 英语成语的主体和核心是隐喻成语(metaphorical idiom),或比喻成语(figurative idiom),用得恰到好处可以起到画龙点睛的作用。例如:

 Suddenly he heard a rustle in the peony pavilion and someone sighing deeply. 忽闻有人在牡丹亭长吁短叹(罗贯中《三国演义》)。翻译成“长吁短叹”能够把人物心中的郁闷表达出来。

 (二)英语成语的运用能使英语写作更具表达力

 掌握英语成语的隐含义和比喻义,并确定其句法功能,将有助于准确地使用英语成语。例如:

 It would be quite wrong to count Europe out of the international scene. It is very much alive and kicking(活蹦乱跳).想把欧洲排除出国际舞台真是大错特错,因为它至今仍生气勃勃。

 运用 alive and kicking(活蹦乱跳)这个成语能够生动形象地把欧洲的活力表达出来。

 结语

 综上所述,英语成语是英语不可缺少的部分,它的产生、形成及应用有着长久的历史和深远的意义,它代表着英语的文化底蕴,是人们在劳动生活中积累起来的宝贵语言财富;英语成语与汉语成语相通互补,形神合一,使我们在学习和使用英语成语时更能体味它的感情及其所包含的魅力。学好英语成语,不但需要较好的英语语言基础知识,还要有丰富的文学历史知识,才能使它更放异彩和芳香。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-如何巧学善用英语成语之一

英语和我们中文一样也是有很多成语,所以熟悉这些英语成语有助于我们更好的理解英语文化以及在生活中的应用,方向标英语网为大家挑选了50条趣味英语成语,希望对大家的英语学习有帮助!

1. A cat may look at a king.

 [字面意思] 猫也可以看国王。

 [解释] 无名小卒也可以评论大人物。人皆可以为尧舜。不要因为别人的资格不够老,或经验不如你多,就不让他发表意见。

 2. A penny saved is a penny earned.

 [字面意思] 节省一个便士就等于挣了一个便士。

 [解释] 省钱是明智的做法。省一分就是赚一分。不要因为钱的数目不大就不把它当一回事,瞧不起小钱是不对的,要记住A penny saved is a penny earned这条经验。

 3. A watched pot never boils.

 [字面意思] 眼睛盯着看的壶永远不会开。

 [解释] 事情在进行中,不到时候就不会有结果,要水到渠成才行。心急锅不开。你着急?着急也没用!用眼睛盯着它看也无济于事,事情不会因为你着急就会有较快的进展。

 4. A word to the wise.

 [字面意思] 送给智者的一句话。

 [解释] 给明智而愿意接受别人意见或建议的人提出忠告。我知道你能听进去话,所以我才跟你这么说。我说的是正确的,对你有好处,而且我知道你也会听取我的意见。

 5. All is well that ends well.

 [字面意思] 结尾好就意味着一切都好。

 [解释] 结局好,一切都好。出自莎士比亚剧本名。在开始或中间环节出现的一些小的差错或麻烦无关紧要,没什么大不了的,只要最终的结局令人满意,那就是好的。

 6. Bad news travels fast.

 [字面意思] 坏消息传得快。

 [解释] 好事不出门,坏事传千里。

 7. Beauty is only skin deep.

 [字面意思] 美貌只是肤浅的。

 [解释] 美貌只是表面现象而已。以貌取人靠不住。你不能只看到她有漂亮的面孔就向她求爱,你还应该考虑其它方面的因素。找结婚伴侣是要过日子,不是当海报招贴画来看的。我的忠告是两句话:Beauty is only skin-deep. True feelings are more important.

 8. Beggars can't be choosers.

 [字面意思] 乞丐不可能有选择。

 [解释] 你得到的不完全是你想得到的,可能条件或质量等方面差一些,但没有再选择的余地,只能接受不十分满意的事物。这就叫Beggars can't be choosers.

 9. Better safe than sorry.

 [字面意思] 安全比遗憾好

 [解释] 不要去冒险。即使不冒险你得多费些功夫,多做些枯燥无味的工作,这都值得。总比为了省事而冒险强。变体:Better to be safe than sorry.

 10. Easy come, easy go.

 [字面意思] 来的容易,去的快。

 [解释] 这句话适合讲给那些把什么事都看得容易的人。尤其是对那种认为挣钱容易,不把钱当钱,对任何事情都不担心的人最适合。应该提醒这种人"钱不是长在树上的"。钱不是像树上的果实一样,今年吃光了明年还会自动长出来。有些人自己不挣钱,不知道挣钱的艰辛。

高考英语语法:高中英语语法-英语写作词语选择的要点

《高中英语语法-如何巧学善用英语成语之一》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

如何巧学善用英语成语之一

One of the most difficult aspects of learning any foreign language is being able to understand and use a wide range of idioms. The English language has over 15,000 idioms and native speakers use them very frequently,often without realising it themselves. This can make communication with native speakers confusing.

在任何语言学习中最困难的一个方面就是,要能理解并运用大量成语。

英语有15000多个成语,而且本族语使用者常常在不自觉的情况下频繁使用它们。这就造成了与本族语使用者的沟通不畅。

What is an idiom? An idiom is a group of words which,when used together,has a different meaning from the one which the individual words have. For example:

什么是成语呢?一个成语就是一组词,当结合在一起使用时,其意与单个词语所表达的意思均不相同。例如:

-How do you know that Sid and Nancy have separated

你怎么知道席德和南希分手了?

-I heard it on the grapevine.

我是从小道消息听到的。

Of course,the second speaker does not mean he heard the news about John by putting his ear to a grapevine!He is conveying the idea visually of information spreading around a widespread network,similar to a grapevine.

当然,第二个谈话者并不是说,他把耳朵贴在葡萄藤上才听到这个关于约翰的消息的!他只是在形象地表达一种意味,即这个消息通过一个类似葡萄藤的巨大网络传播开来。

We use idioms to express something that other words do not express as clearly or as cleverly. We often use an image or symbol to describe something as clearly as possible and thus make our point as effectively as possible. For example,?in a nutshell? suggests the idea of having all the information contained within very few words. Idioms tend to be informal and are best used in spoken rather than written English.

我们使用成语是要表达其它词语无法如此清晰或如此巧妙表达的东西。我们经常会运用比喻和象征以便尽可能清晰地描述事物,因而可以尽可能有效地阐述我们的观点。比如,?in a nutshell?表明的意思是,用很少几个词来涵盖所要表达的全部意思。成语往往是非正式的,最好用于口语,而不要用在非书面表达中。

One of the best ways to learn an idiom is by looking at the context in which it is used. This can be done by concentrating on the rest of the sentence and try to guess the meaning. Many idioms are not that difficult to understand when considered in their context. For example:

学习成语的最好方法之一是查看它所在的上下文。而这可以通过通读句子其它部分来实现,并试着猜测其意。当把许多成语放在上下文中考虑,理解起来就不那么难了。例如:

We are going to have a surprise party for Tom tomorrow. It?s a secret so please don?t let the cat out of the bag.

明天,我们要给汤姆举办一个惊喜聚会。这是一个秘密,因此请不要泄露秘密。

?Let the cat out of the bag? is an idiom. Imagine you don?t know what this idiom means;by looking at the words preceding it should be easy to guess that the speaker does not want you to tell Tom about the surprise party. Therefore,?let the cat out of the bag?must mean something like? reveal a secret? or ?tell a secret?.

?Let the cat out of the bag?是一个成语。设想你不知道这个成语的意思;如果看看之前的单词,就会很容易地猜出,讲话者是不想让你跟汤姆谈及惊喜聚会的事情。因此,?let the cat out of the bag?一定是?揭露秘密?或?泄露秘密?之类的意思。

Other examples:

其它例子:

He was on the carpet last week for being late to work three times.

上星期,他由于迟到三次而受到批评。

It was a very long report. It took me three hours to wade through.

那是一个很长的报告。我花了三个小时才总算读完它。

Let?s call it a day. I?m very tired and I think we have covered the main points of the meeting already.

我们今天就到此为止。我很累,而且我认为,我们已经处理了这次会议的主要问题。

However,idioms can often be very difficult to understand. You may be able to guess the meaning from context but if not,it is not easy to know the meaning. Many idioms,for instance,come from favorite traditional British activities such as fighting,sailing and hunting. As well as being quite specialist in meaning,some of the words in idioms were used two or three hundred years ago,or longer,and can be a little obscure. Here are some examples:

然而,成语通常很难理解。你也许能够通过上下文来猜测其意,但如果不能的话,那么就不易理解其意了。譬如,很多成语起源于英国人钟爱的传统活动,如搏斗、航海和狩猎。其不仅在意思上是十分特殊的,而且成语中的有些词是二、三百年前,甚至是在更久远年代使用的词汇,因此可能有点晦涩难懂。以下是一些例子:

-Now that the Prime Minister has been elected there will be a lot of jockeying for position to get the key posts in his administration. (Horse Racing)

由于首相已被选定,所以在谋求其政府要职的过程中将会出现许多欺诈牟利的行为。(赛马)

-I finally ran the book to earth in a second-hand bookshop in Wales. I had been searching for it for three years. (Hunting)

我最终在威尔士的一家旧书书店里觅求到了这本书。我找这本书已经有三年的时间了。(打猎)

-They took her ideas on board and decided to increase the budget. (Sailing)

他们考虑了她的意见,并决定增加预算。(航海)

-You should fall in with our arrangements; we can?t make alternative plans for you. (Army)

你应该同意我们的安排,我们不可能再为你另做安排。(军队)

-We saw the boss at the bar but we gave him a wide berth. We did not want to talk to him then. (Sailing)

我们在酒吧里见到了老板,但我们避开了他。我们那时不想与他说话。(航海)

What is the best way to learn idioms? It is best to learn idioms as you do vocabulary. In other words,select and actively learn idioms which will be useful to you. Write the id 《高中英语语法-如何巧学善用英语成语之一》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)

《高中英语语法-英语写作词语选择的要点》由英语我整理,更多请访问:。本内容整理时间为05月12日,如有任何问题请联系我们。

英语写作词语选择的要点

1.词语选择的重要性

在The Right Word at the Right Time的?序言?中,编者对词语选用的重要性作了一个很好的比喻:?Using the right word at the right time is rather like wearing appropriate clothing for the occasion:it is a courtesy to others,and a favor to yourself-a matter of presenting yourself well in the eyes of the world.?

显然,说话或写文章时用词适当比穿着适当难度大得多,因而也具有更大的重要性。

在我国,古人写文章时常为一个词语的选用具思苦想,因而有?语不惊人死不休?的说法。

成语?一字值千金?也说明了选择词语的极端重要性。有时?一字之差?造成令人遗憾的败笔,或招致成千上万的经济损失。这些反面的教训也告诉我们必须重视词语选用的问题。

2.词语选择的可能性

实际上,我们每个人的脑子里都有了一个或大或小的词库,只要我们肯去发掘,往往可以得到更好的表达方式。这是我们做好词语选用的主观条件。

从客观条件广看,我们有各种类型的词典和参考书,只要我们平时多翻译、多阅读,写作时勤查考,就会在词语选用上不断进步。当然,一部好词典也不会毫无缺点,更难以面面俱到,因此在这里我们应牢牢记住著名英国作家、评论家和辞书编纂家Johson的话:

Dictionaries are like watches:the worst is better than none,and the best cannot be expected to go quite true.

3.词语选择的三项标准

关于择语标准,人们说法不一,但准确、鲜明、生动三项原则是公认的。当然,某词语用得是否符合要求,不可孤立地从词语本身的含义上着眼,还要看其具体使用场合,包括同其他词语搭配等。

1)择语的准确性

准确性,就是要根据使用场合选用确切的语言形式,正如有句英语俗语所言:

Do not write so that your words may be undetstood,but write so that your words must be understood.

著名美国作家马克?吐温说:?用词准确与用词几乎准确,这两者之间的差异就如闪电与萤火虫之间的差异。?(The difference between the right word and the almost-right word is as great as that between lighting and the lighting bug.)

为了择语准确,必须熟悉词语的多义性。例如depression对心理学家、经济学家或地质学家来说,含义各不相同:

He is in a state of deep depression as a result of his setback latest experiment.

The depression first hit almost all the small and medium-sized enterprises.

Transportation was at a standstill caused by the depressions in the highways after the earthquake in that area.

反之,也常常有几个词语可以表示类似的含义,如心理学上的?depression?也能用melancholia,the blues,the dismal in the dumps,low等词语表示。

要做到准确选择,有必要注意词语的两种意义:?基本意义?(denotation)和?引申意义?(connotation)。前者指该词语的本身,或客观的固有含义,后者指该词语在一定搭配或上下句中出现的其他意义,往往比较含蓄,带有词语使用者的主观态度或感彩。如inexpensive和cheap都表示便宜的基本意思,如顾客问营业员:?May I have some thing cheaper??意思是希望要价钱便宜一点的,当然并不是说质量可以不好,但cheap在其他句式或使用场合可引出?低劣?、?平庸?、?吝啬?、?卑鄙?等多种意思,这类意思正是修辞上的?敏感地带?。

选用词语的准确性还表现在区分表示大体/抽象含义的词语和表示具体/特定含义的词语上,需要根据不同的使用场合做出正确的选择。抽象含义词语和具体含义词语不是两个对立的家族,在一定的条件下可以转化,如

labor一词通常带抽象含义,但并非一成不变。试比较:

A)Honest labor creates wealth for the society.

B)In the GM contract dispute,labor seeks a five-cent per hour wage increase.

上述A句中labor一词为抽象含义,泛指各种社会劳动,B句中labor为具体含义,特指WAW,即美国汽车、飞机、农业机械工人联合会。

2)择语的鲜明度

准确性是鲜明度的前提,也是提高鲜明度的基础。然而,鲜明与简练相关。英国文豪莎士比亚的名言?Brevity is the soul of wit?相当于汉语的?言贵简洁?。我们说话、写文章都要以?言简意赅?四字为目标,为此,应从两个方面加以注意:

A.在可以运用较简短的常见词语表达意思时不要用复杂而少的词语,如:do something for(不用perform,accomplish),用end/finish a letter (不用terminate,conclude)。

B.多余的或转弯抹角的词语都不利于明白地表达思想,因而下列短语中加括号的部分都应省去:

mutual aid(to each other)(mutual)aid to each other,(an entirely)complete confidence,repeat the question(again),return(back) from abroad,etc.

3)择语的生动感

生动感也可以叫做优美感(gracefulness),它是建筑在准确性和鲜明度的基础上的,否则,单纯追求生动或优雅,就会出现辞藻华丽(flowery)而内容空洞的文风,这是应当避免的。

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